(a) Bioreactors are the containment vehicles of any biotechnology-based production process. For large scale production and for economic reasons the final success of biotechnological process depends on the efficiency of the bioreactor. Answer the following questions w.r.t. the given paragraph: (i) List the operational guidelines that must be adhered to so as to achieve optimisation of the bioreactor system. Enlist any four. (ii) Mention the phase of the growth we refer to in the statement "Optimisation of growth and metabolic activity of the cells". (iii) Is the biological product formed in the bioreactor suitable for the intended use immediate ? Give reason in support of your answer.
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(b) (i) 'EcoRI' has played very significant role in r-DNA technology. (I) Explain the convention for naming EcoRI. (II) Write the recognition site and the cleavage sites of this restriction endonuclease. (ii) What are the protruding and hanging stretches of DNA produced by these restriction enzymes called ? Describe their role in formation of r-DNA
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